Effects on ecosystems can have a profound impact on the delicate balance of nature. Human activities such as deforestation, pollution, and climate change are some of the major contributors to these effects. Deforestation not only leads to loss of habitat for countless species, but also disrupts the water cycle and increases soil erosion. Pollution, specifically from industrial and agricultural sources, contaminates air, water, and soil, causing harm to both plant and animal life. Climate change further exacerbates these effects, with rising temperatures and extreme weather events altering ecosystems across the globe. These effects highlight the importance of conservation efforts and sustainable practices to safeguard the health and biodiversity of ecosystems.